This site features Flash and Windows Media animations that illustrate various aspects of geologic history. They depict fossil cast formation, the Big Bang and earth through geologic time, the significance of isotopic dating techniques, and views of dinosaurs. These resources are suitable for use in lectures, labs, or other teaching activities.

This classroom activity allows students to use water surface temperature, bathymetric data and weather data to look at trends in the water temperature of the Great Lakes. The exercise asks students to make predictions, and then use the data to answer questions. The site contains everything that is needed for the exercise, including student handouts, maps, links to data sources, and background information and questions for discussion.

This PowerPoint presentation is part of the Whitman College petrology course. The presentation provides an introduction to the structure of the earth in the context of the generation of igneous rocks. Slides in the presentation cover the composition of layers of the earth, P-wave and S-wave velocities through layers of the earth, pressure and heat characteristics of the earth, and regions of igneous generation within the earth. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

These lecture notes present a discussion of mineralogical classification of granitic rocks, definitions of hypersolvus and subsolvus granites, tectonic and chemical classification, and depth of emplacement of granites. Other topics include pegmatites, continental rhyolites, origin of large volumes of silicic magma, continental flood basalts, continental rift valleys, evolution of rock suites, and peralkaline rhyolites. The notes are in outline format and contain instructional figures, including ternary diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This set of lecture notes discusses the occurrence and tectonic settings of igneous rocks near convergent plate margins. A discussion of petrography includes major element composition, calc-alkaline trends in ternary diagrams, trace element variations, isotopes to distinguish magma sources, and the origin of igneous rocks at convergent margins. The lecture notes include helpful illustrations, maps and phase diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

These lecture notes introduce magmatism and petrology as they relate to the oceanic lithosphere. The notes cover ophiolite sequences and types of volcanic settings found in ocean basins. A section about basalt includes discussion of location, composition and origin of mid-ocean ridge basalts. Ocean island basalts are further discussed with regards to occurrence, composition and origin. These notes include graphs, maps and phase diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This PowerPoint presentation is part of the Whitman College petrology course. The presentation illustrates the structural and field relationships of igneous rocks and igneous processes in pictures, cross-sections, and plan view diagrams. Topics include pyroclastic flows, explosive volcanism, flow area, columnar jointing in basalt, feeder dikes and vents, and numerous other concepts pertaining to igneous rocks. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This PowerPoint presentation is part of the Whitman College petrology course. The presentation explains how igneous textures form and provides many pictures of igneous textures in microscope view. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This web site is maintained by John Winter of Whitman College, and contains 31 PowerPoint presentations for an igneous and metamorphic petrology course. The course and the lectures are keyed to his text, An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. The PowerPoint presentations are organized by chapter and contain many maps, graphs and illustrations. Each chapter is a separate PowerPoint file that can be downloaded and modified to suit the user's needs. In addition, the website includes a link to a short tutorial on how to use CSPACE, a program used to balance equations, and a link to an Excel spreadsheet used to calculate CIPW norms. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This site features Flash animations that illustrate how seasons impact various Earth systems, including surface temperature, latent heat flux, air temperature, net radiation, precipitation, runoff, and soil moisture. These resources are suitable for use in lectures, labs, or other teaching activities.

This 15-slide PowerPoint presentation takes the viewer through a real life investigation of metamorphic terrane consisting of pelitic and calcareous rocks. The investigation includes recognition of 5 reactions that take place in the area. P-T, AFM, and T-X diagrams provide visual tools used to assess the conditions under which the metamorphic rocks formed. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This site consists of an introductory lecture on crystal symmetry and symmetry operations. It provides the definition of a mineral and then covers topics including different types of rotational symmetry, mirror symmetry, the center of symmetry, different types of rotoinversion, and combinations of symmetry operations. Drawings help illustrate the concepts presented in the lecture.

These lecture notes provide an introduction to igneous rocks. The notes cover information about characteristics of magmas, plutonic rocks, volcanic rocks, and textures of igneous rocks. There are several illustrations within the text. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This 83-slide PowerPoint presentation introduces metamorphic agents and changes. Stress, strain, tension, compression, and shear are discussed as well as the lineation or foliation that results from such effects. Metamorphic classification includes dynamic, thermal, thermo-dynamic, contact, regional, and shock metamorphism. Specific regional metamorphic events are discussed in detail, including the Scottish Highlands, Otago, New Zealand, paired metamorphic events of Japan, the Skiddaw aureole, UK, and skarn formation in Crestmore, CA. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This Introduction to Petrography homepage from the University of Houston contains a variety of instructional materials. Topics covered include tectonics, the rock cycle, mineralogy, sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic petrology, classification, phase diagrams, and magmatic differentiation. There are also links to 5 virtual field trips; Central hill country of Texas, Mohawk Valley field trip, virtual climb Stromboli, Big Bend, and Ring Mountain. There are comprehensive lecture notes, self quizzes, exercises and labs included on the page. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This site is intended as a brief introduction to some of the common x-ray diffraction techniques used in materials characterization. It is designed for people who are novices in this field but are interested in using the techniques in their research. Topics include x-ray generation and properties, lattice planes and Bragg's Law, powder and thin film diffraction, texture measurement and pole figures, residual stress measurements, small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), and x-ray crystallography.

This 50 slide PowerPoint presentation introduces the basic structural facets of an island arc system. Magma series (tholeiitic, alkaline, calc-alkaline) and differentiation within magma series are related to the major elements. Other trends in magma series (spatial, temporal, trace element, isotope) are presented. Petrogenesis of magmas is illustrated in terms of mantle flow, rate of subduction and age of the subducting slab and subduction zone. Pressure-temperature-time paths are used as instructive tools. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

This site provides visual resources that illustrate the concept of isostasy and show how measuring gravity over mountain ranges provides evidence that mountains have deep roots. Visualizations in this collection include images, animations, interactive graphics and photographs. These resources can be integrated into lectures, classes, labs or other activities.

Students move as propagating seismic waves. They record their travel time along a string of measured length to compute average wave velocities. They then enact an earthquake, and use the time lag between wave arrival times and their computed speeds to determine the position of the epicenter.

This site features a Flash animation that illustrates how to grid the earth with the latitude (parallel) and longitude (meridian) coordinate system. This resource is suitable for use in lectures, labs, or other teaching activities.