In this lesson, students will compare the forces of pushing and pulling. Students will also recognize that objects at rest will not move unless a force is applied to them.

In this lesson, small groups of students demonstrate how forces cause changes in the speed or direction of objects by creating a simple machine to move a bottle of water. Students use rope, a yardstick, and a shoebox to create the machine and are given 30 minutes to come up with as many variations as possible.