This page contains a transcript of President Harry S. Truman's address before Congress seeking $400 million in military and economic assistance for Turkey and Greece.
This page contains a transcript of a speech by President John F. Kennedy regarding the installation of Soviet missiles in Cuba.
This page contains a transcript of a document describing the need for the United States to help South Vietnam fight for freedom.
This page discusses the presentation of harmful stereotypes of Native American people in sports.
This page discusses the fight for Indigenous political rights.
This page contains a transcript of Malcolm X's speech describing how to fight for civil rights in the United States and emphasizing the worth and importance of voting.
This page contains a memorandum written by Chester Bowles arguing against the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961.
This page contains a transcript of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s speech in 1967 at a meeting of Clergy and Laity Concerned at Riverside Church in New York City.
This page contains a transcript of Chief Justice Earl Warren's ruling in the case of Brown v. Board of Education.
Students will learn of the differing perspectives of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Thomas Jefferson and the right of government to rule.
This page contains a transcript of several weekly summaries from the CIA revealng the tensions arising during the Berlin blockade, the mounting fear of Soviet domination of Eastern Europe, and the hope for compromise.
This page contains excerpts from documents found among the training files of a CIA-backed coup to overthrow the elected government of Guatemala in 1954.
Students will use primary source materials: maps, literature, political cartoons, and drawings from newspapers in order to analyze the impact of industrialization in Europe and its change on society.
This page contains background information on Cesar Chavez as well as a transcript of his discussion of government complicity in undermining farm workers' unions before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources.
This resource describes the New Nation and the major problems the United States faced at the time and the three major accomplishments of the first Congress.
This resource discusses the problem with Reconstruction.
This resource provides insight on the debates our Founding Fathers had in determining which would be better-local or national governance. Discussion questions are included.
In this activity, students learn about the steps to independence and the ideals stated in the Declaration that influenced the development of the United States as we know it today.
This page contains a transcript of excerpts from the diary Robert C. Ode kept after being taken hostage in the U.S. Embassy in Iran in 1979.
The Valley of the Shadow timelines have been compiled out of the Valley newspapers and allow students to compare events and developments within each county throughout the Civil War era. Broken down by year, each timeline compares events in Augusta County, Virginia, and Franklin County, Pennsylvania, as well as developments in Pennsylvania, Virginia, and on the national scene. Some of the county events have been linked back to the full newspaper accounts, and the original articles on each county event may be found in the Valley newspapers. For brevity, abbreviations were used whenever possible, particularly when events referenced states or military ranks.